General Knowledge

1️⃣ Bacteria Divided into: ✓Gram-Positive ✓Gram-Negative Gram-Positive → Purple/Blue Gram-Negative → Pink/Red 2️⃣ Viruses Classification by Genetic Material: DNA Viruses → e.g., Herpesvirus, Hepatitis B RNA Viruses → e.g., HIV, Influenza, Hepatitis C Classification by Structure: Enveloped Viruses → e.g., HIV, Influenza Non-Enveloped Viruses → e.g., Poliovirus, Adenovirus 3️⃣ Parasites Divided by Location in the Body: 1 .Protozoa (microscopic, single-celled) → Plasmodium (Malaria), Giardia, Entamoeba histolytica 2. Helminths (worms) → Roundworms, Tapeworms, Schistosomes 3. Ectoparasites (live outside the body) → Lice, Fleas, Ticks, Mites 4️⃣ Fungi Yeasts (single-celled) → Candida albicans Molds (multicellular, filamentous) → Aspergillus Dimorphic fungi (both yeast & mold forms) → Histoplasma

  Therapetutic action Analgesic ,antipyretic ,non steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) Platelets antiaggregant (at lowe dose) Indicatuon Mild pain,fever Secondary Presentation of severe pre-eclampsia Forms ans strengths  300mg tablets 75mg enteric coated table Dosage and duration Pain and fever Adolescent over 16 years and adults : 300 mg to 1g every 4 to 6 hours ( max. 4 g daily),for 1 to 3 days  Prevention of pre-eclampsia 75 to 150 mg once daily from the 12th to 36th week of gestation.stop treatment 5 to 10 days before the excepted date of delivery. Contra -indication ,adverse effect ,precations  Don not administer to patients with allergy to asprin and NSAID ,gastrodudenal ulcer ,coagulation disorders ,haemorrage ,sever renal ,hepatic or cardiac impairments Do not administer to childern for pain or fever (use paracetamol). Administer with caution to older patients or patients with Asthma. Do not exceed indicated doses,particularly in older patients. Pregnancy ; pa...

Define Nutrition Nutrition is the entire process from obtaining food and consuming it, to absorbing The nutrients and energy from it. The intake of food, considered in relation to the Body’s dietary needs, is one of the foundations of good health throughout a person’s Lifetime. Nutrition encompasses the process by which people: » obtain adequate types and amounts of food required to meet the nutrient needs For the body’s maintenance, growth and activity. » prepare food for consumption. » consume food. » absorb nutrients and energy from the food that was consumed.Good nutrition is not just about getting enough food, but also about ensuring the Right nutrients enter the body, for example through breastfeeding infant and young Children, giving them a varied diet and ensuring that nutrients be absorbed in the Body. Good nutrition also emphasises food handling safety and hygiene to prevent Diarrhoeal diseases. • All food is made up of nutrients. The body uses nutrients to: » build and repai...

 

Define Hydrocarbons? Hydrocarbons are compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen only • Examples of Hydrocarbons are a) methane b) propene c)pentyne Hydrocarbons are mainly obtained from • Natural Gas • Coal • Petroleum Hydrocarbons are commonly used as [ ] Fuels [ ] Candle wax [ ] Oil [ ] gasoline [ ] liquid propane(LP) Hydrocarbons are also the raw materials in the synthesis of many different consumer products including? 1. Fabrics 2. Soaps 3. Dyes 4. Cosmetics 5. Drugs 6. Plastic 7. Rubber Classification of Hydrocarbons? • On the basis of bond hydrocarbons are classified into • On the basis of structure, hydrocarbons are classified into • On the basis of their sources and properties, hydrocarbons are classified into On the basis of bond hydrocarbons are classified into: 1. Saturated 2. Unsaturated On the basis of structure, hydrocarbons are classified into 1. Cyclic hydrocarbons 2. Acyclic hydrocarbons On the basis of their sources and properties, hydrocarbons are classified into 1....

  Define ALDEHYDES are organic compounds which contain aldehydic carbonyl (-CHO) as a functional group. The general formula of aldehyde is R-CHO or Ar-CHO where , R= Alkyl group Ar=Aryl group or hydrogen Define ketones Ketones are organic compounds which contain carbonly (C=O) as a functional group. The general formula of ketones Where R= Alkyl group or replace AR=Ary   O   || R-C-R Nomenclature of Aldehydes a) Common names of aldehyde An aldehyde has acommon name for the simple aldehydes which are derived from corresponding common names of Carboxylic acids by changing-ic acid into aldehyde For examples        O       || a)H-C-H Formaldehyde form fotmic acid             O            || b)CH3-C-H Acetaldehyde form acetic acid                              O               ...